Its electron configuration is [He]2s22p3. The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. (. Water crowding at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups, Multimode sensing and detection limits. 300750 nm), which clearly is an advantage for capturing solar energy. [19][20][21] Phthalocyanine is also used on some recordable DVDs. 110, 1651416525 (2006). Femtosecond laser, flash photolysis studies provided concrete evidence for the occurrence of energy transfer from the singlet excited BODIPY to, ZnPc in tetrahydrofuran. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Multi-mode humidity sensing with water-soluble copper phthalocyanine for increased sensitivity and dynamic range. (c) Linearized form of the pseudo-second order kinetics showing highly linear behavior (r2>0.998). Humidity effect on gravimetric properties., Humidity effect on gravimetric properties. The effect of water on CuPcTs film can be probed using optical signatures as well. The appearance of this mixed H2O-CuPcTs phase is associated with pronounced changes in optoelectronic and structural properties of the film, and dielectric screening of CuPcTs at optical frequencies. Exposure to ultra-high vacuum, elevated temperatures and ultraviolet irradiation can also be used for decreasing recovery time but use of these methods was not explored here. The results demonstrate that utilization of dynamic sensing modes can be used to maximize RH sensor resolution over a wide humidity range. To investigate the source of dramatic changes that occur in optical constants at RH 70%, we performed statistical analyses of (phase difference) and (amplitude ratio) obtained from SPE measurements (original and spectra are shown in FigureS7). It is present in a wide variety of products,[20] such as color deposition hair conditioner,[21] eye patches, parfum, shampoo, skin-care products, soap, sunscreen, tattoo ink,[22] toothpaste. 1d). Enter email to auto receive SDS. Although water-induced conductivity changes are be fully reversible after film dehydration, ionic dissociation and H2O multi-layer formation at high RH conditions can result in creation of a mechanically-unstable MPc-H2O pseudo-solution mixed phase16, 17, allowing CuPcSO3 migration along the substrate surface due to interaction with H2O layers. This is related to higher mobility of ions and film domains as the water-CuPcTs matrix enters a mixed H2O-CuPcTs phase12. 1c. Both ratios \({{\rm{\tau }}}_{2}/{{\rm{\tau }}}_{1}\) and \({k}_{1-2}/{k}_{1-1}\) increase linearly from ~0.03 to ~0.1 as RH increases from 10% to 95%, which suggests that the double exponential behavior modelled in Fig. * orbital transitions20, 21. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Red lines indicate examples of double exponential fits. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Do Kim, Y., Kim, J. P., Kwon, O. S. & Cho, I. H. The synthesis and application of thermally stable dyes for ink-jet printed LCD color filters. [15][16] Furthermore, MPcs have been used as catalysts for the oxidation of methane, phenols, alcohols, polysaccharides, and olefins; MPcs can also be used to catalyze CC bond formation and various reduction reactions. At the initial discovery of Pc, its uses were primarily limited to dyes and pigments. The substance, IUPAC name (29H,31H-phthalocyaninato(2)-N29,N30,N31,N32)copper(II), is known by many names[2] such as monastral blue, phthalo blue, helio blue,[3] thalo blue, Winsor blue,[4] phthalocyanine blue, C.I. Browse our Buyers Guide for manufacturers and distributors of all types of coatings products and much more! The hydrophilic site is associated with the Na+SO3 It is olive green when dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, and green precipitate after dilution, with excellent fastness. 1980;127:15061517. This trend is opposite to that of n (optical-mode sensing), which exhibits high RH dependence at P/P0>0.6 (Figs3a and S5a) and thus represents the most sensitive (<2% RH) detection mode at high RH. By continuing on our website, you accept the use of cookies. I.I., N.L., and B.S. Water crowding at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups leads to dissociation of Na, Multimode sensing and detection limits. Hydrolytic Sensitivity: 4: no reaction with water under neutral conditions: Merck: 142,520: BRN: 4121848: InChIKey: XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N: NIST Chemistry Reference: Visit our privacy The geometry optimization showed that the phthalocyanine moiety is completely symmetric and form Contact Us Please contact TCI for lead times on items not in stock. LICENSED GRANTED TO MAKE UNLIMITED PAPER COPIES FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY. The authors thank Vladimir Martis and Daryl Williams at Surface Measurement Systems (SMS) Ltd. for their support in development of new testing capability. Excludes regulated items and items that ship on ice. 74160. Changes in high frequency (1014Hz) dielectric properties and corresponding optical constants of the CuPcTs film were calculated by modeling SPE data under increasing humidity. FOIA The plot of \(\mathrm{ln}({M}_{e}-{M}_{t})\) vs. t is shown in Fig. & Garca-Valenzuela, A. Adsorption kinetics of optochemical NH 3 gas sensing with semiconductor polyaniline films. Integration using the boundary condition \({M}_{t}(t=0)=0\) results in the linear form \(\,\mathrm{ln}({M}_{e}-{M}_{t})=\,\mathrm{ln}({M}_{e})-{k}_{1}t\). (review sheet 4), (8) Making freebase with ammonia cracksmokers, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), NR 603 QUIZ 1 Neuro - Week 1 quiz and answers, SCS 200 Applied Social Sciences Module 1 Short Answers, Philippine Politics and Governance W1 _ Grade 11/12 Modules SY. The effect of water on electrical conductivity is most pronounced at low RH, when water clustering around hydrophilic moieties hinders electronic charge carrier hopping between adjacent CuPcTs molecules. The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. Thus, even while the H2O-CuPcTs interaction most closely follows PSO kinetics due to multiple adsorption sites, useful information about the reaction kinetics is obtained by modeling the reaction as a series of sequential PFO reactions. Due to its stability, phthalo blue is also used in inks, coatings, and many plastics. )4 (C8H4N2)4H2 = H2Pc has a two-dimensional geometry and a ring system consisting of 18-electrons. (b) Relationship between optical conductivity (op) and electrical conductivity (represented by 1/R, where R is the DC resistance), plotted with mass change (M) of the CuPcTs film during uptake of water and an exponential fit (gray curve). Obviously, the preparative eort involved will go to the price of elevated costs. 9, 1588015886 (2017). -. 2a. doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.042. Copper (II) 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23,24,25-hexadecafluoro-29H,31H-phthalocyanine (F16CuPc) is an organic molecule that can be used as an electron transporting material with good air-stability and an electron mobility of 0.11 cm2/Vs . Application of principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that contains 2 major principal components (Fig. Ullman AM, Jones CG, Doty FP, Stavila V, Talin AA, Allendorf MD. Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) has been suggested for data storage in quantum computing, due to the length of time its electrons can remain in superposition. Approximately 25% of all artificial organic pigments are phthalocyanine derivatives. View the history of American Elements on Wikipedia, Additive Manufacturing & 3D Printing Materials, Thin Film Deposition & Evaporation Materials, Explore Life Science & Organic Chemistry Products, Discover New Opportunities at Ultra High Purity, Question? Application To further investigate electrical response of CuPcTs, EIS was performed to study dielectric properties of the CuPcTs film in the 1Hz 8MHz frequency range during exposure to H2O. Investigation of optical and humidity-sensing properties of vanadyl phthalocyanine-derivative thin films. In particular, we find that mass-based measurements achieve the highest resolution at RH<50% while optical techniques achieve the highest resolution at RH>50%. (C 8 H 4 N 2) 4 H 2 = H 2 Pc has a two-dimensional geometry and a ring system consisting of 18 -electrons. [12] Using such methods, approximately 57,000tonnes (63,000Imperial tons) of various phthalocyanines were produced in 1985. [4] Substituted phthalocyanine complexes often have much higher solubility. Rh6d;0/YH0 EQLRYdkZLkN}ej[zb[Aa$Csa4m# X'yx#J0_BGB?Mvhd2jvHPIdX;Bw-tf4[3HLg.yKSu5M5KlL =N8 Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.Reference to other sectionsFor disposal see section 13. 1537375 Copper phthalocyanines BASF AG 13 Feb 1976 [14 Feb 1975] 05717/76 Heading C4P The invention comprises copper phthalocyanine dyes having the general Formula (I) wherein m has a mean value of at least 3, the sum (n+m) is not more than 16, CuPc is a copper phthalocyanine radical devoid of hydroxy groups attached to the phenylene nucleus thereof, X is chlorine or bromine, R is phenyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents which do not confer solubility in water, the groups R may be the same or different and if n is more than one, the groups X may be the same or different. The presence of pinholes and large (10100nm diameter) interstitial spaces between grains result in high film porosity and surface area which allows for rapid H2O diffusion into the bulk film. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. The CuPcTs-H2O interaction can be tracked using a combination of gravimetric, optical, and electrical sensing modes, enabling accurate (2.5%) sensing in the ~095% RH range with a detection limit of less than 0.1% RH. volume7, Articlenumber:9921 (2017) This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. Synthesis and properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium(ii), chromium(ii) and iron(ii) phthalocyanines. Thank you for visiting nature.com. [17] Density of the solid is ~1.6g/cm3. The geometry optimization showed that the phthalocyanine moiety is completely symmetric and form perfect square planar complex with zinc. Copper(II) Phthalocyanine (-form) Basic information: Product Name: . Friedl, J. et al. J. Chem Our findings demonstrate the possibility of using water-soluble materials for flexible, printable humidity sensors which can employ a combination of electrical, optical, or mass-based sensing mechanisms for maximizing humidity sensitivity across the entire ~095% RH range. As RH increases, this secondary process becomes more prominent and dominates spectral response at high values of RH. Prior to H2O adsorption measurements, films were placed under 103Torr (1.33103mbar) vacuum for 24hours. Kreuer, K. On the development of proton conducting polymer membranes for hydrogen and methanol fuel cells. Investigation of gas-sensing properties of copper phthalocyanine films. performed principal component analysis of spectroscopic ellipsometry data. Journal of The Electrochemical Society )Toxicity to algae static test EC50 - Desmodesmus subspicatus (green algae) - > 100mg/l - 72 h(OECD Test Guideline 201)Toxicity to bacteria Respiration inhibition EC50 - Sludge Treatment - > 10,000 mg/l - 3h(OECD Test Guideline 209)Persistence and degradabilityBiodegradability aerobic - Exposure time 28 dResult: 5 % - Not biodegradable(OECD Test Guideline 301C)Bioaccumulative potentialNo data availableMobility in soilNo data availableResults of PBT and vPvB assessmentPBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/notconductedOther adverse effectsNo data available. this website. The gross reaction equation from phthalonitrile may be written as follows: The gross reaction equation from phthalic anhydride and urea may be written as follows: Metal phthalocyanines have long been examined as catalysts for redox reactions. 3b top panel). A molecular pentad, comprised of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) with four boron dipyrromethene units (BODIPY) have been Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology This website requires certain cookies to work and uses other cookies to help you have the best experience. The pigment is insoluble and has no tendency to migrate in the material. Foo, K. & Hameed, B. 8600 Rockville Pike PMC for more information. CU-PCIN-02-P Halogenated and sulfonated derivatives of copper phthalocyanines are commercially important as dyes. The site is secure. Shaded regions represent uncertainty range. The Chemical Record Changes in the slopes of n and k with RH (FigureS5a) indicate the presence of a 2-step process. Film capacitance (C1) exhibits a sharp change at RH 60% (Fig. One of the most common donor/acceptor architectures is CuPc/C60 (buckminsterfullerene) which rapidly became a model system for the study of small organic molecules. Effects of humidity on the electrical properties of thermal inkjet-printed films of copper tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine (CuTsPc) onto paper substrates. MeSH ( a ) AFM image of CuPcTs film., Kinetics modelling. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B Inset: equivalent circuit used to model EIS data. and B.S. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Humidity effect on gravimetric properties. cobaltphthalocyanineamine complex, SOLUBLE COPPER PHTHALOCYANINE DYES AND THEIR APPLICATION, Poly(oxyalkylene) modified phthalocyanine colorants, Water-dissipatable polyesters and amides containing near infrared fluorescent compounds copolymerized therein, Thermoplastic materials containing near infrared fluorophores, Organic solvent based ink for invisible marking/identification, Security document and method using invisible coded markings, Polyester compositions containing near infrared absorbing materials to improve reheat, Fiber coating composition having an invisible marker and process for making same, Method for marking items for identification, New phthalocyanine compounds, their manufacturing processes and the near infrared absorbing materials they contain, Water-based ink, ink set, ink jet recording method, ink cartridge, recording unit and ink jet recording apparatus, Method for tagging thermoplastic materials with near infrared fluorophores, Method for detecting and separating thermoplastic containers with near infrared fluorosphores, Triphendioxazine dyes, methods for their manufacture and their use for dyeing cellulosic substrates, Reactive dyes, processes for their manufacture and their use, Process for preparing water-soluble monoazo pyrazolone compound, Water-soluble disazo compounds, process for their preparation and their use as dyestuffs, Novel azomethine compound and its preparation, A process for the preparation of aluminium-heavy metal mixed complexes, Copper complex formazan compound, its preparation and use thereof, Pyrazolo(4,3-d)pyrimidine derivative, its preparation, cholesterol-lowering agent containing it, its intermediate and its preparation, Copper complexes of disazo reactive dyestuffs, Process for preparing water-soluble monoazo compound, Water-insoluble monoazo dye, its production and use, and mixture consisting of this monoazo dye, N6-substituted cordycepin and its preparation, 1,3-disubstituted-5-fluoro-6-chlorouracil derivative and antitumor agent, Heterocyclic azomethine metal complex pigments, Color forming sheet for pressure-sensitive copying paper, Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee. performed spectroscopic ellipsometry experiments and modelling. It is available in both alpha and beta forms. (John Wiley & Sons, 2006). Capacitance response exhibits the lowest sensitivity (~10% RH) at P/P0<0.2 as a result of low SNR. Ghani, F., Kristen, J. Ask an American Elements Materials Science Engineer, Copper(II) 2,9,16,23-tetra-tert-butyl-29H,31H-phthalocyanine, Copper(II) Phthalocyanine-Tetrasulfonic Acid Tetrasodium Salt, Copper Phthalocyanine-3,4',4",4"'-tetrasulfonic Acid Tetrasodium Salt, Copper(II) Tetrakis(4-cumylphenoxy)phthalocyanine, 2,3,9,10,16,17-Hexachlorinated Boron Subphthalocyanine Chloride, Publish your research on the American Elements website, Case Studies of selected key technologies invented or co-invented by American Elements in just the 1st two decades of this century, C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C3=NC4=NC(=NC5=NC(=NC6=NC(=NC2=N3)C7=CC=CC=C76)C8=CC=CC=C85)C9=CC=CC=C94.[Cu]. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate three slides at a time, or the slide dot buttons at the end to jump three slides at a time. It is paramagnetic with one unpaired electron per molecule. wrote the manuscript with contributions from N.L. Fit lines correspond to colors used in the bar graph. Zeitschrift fr physik The dye derived from cobalt phthalocyanine and an amine is Phthalogen Dye IBN. By visiting this website, certain cookies have already been set, which you may delete and block. Article Of particular interest among sulfonated MPcs is copper phthalocyanine-3,4,4,4-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (CuPcTs) because of its p-type behavior, gas sensing properties, high solubility, and large-scale production as an industrial pigment9, 10. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The values of n (measured at 450 and 650nm) decrease slowly for RH<60% and drop sharply at RH>60%. CAS Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and double exponential fits were used to model kinetics of H2O adsorption on CuPcTs film. CuPcTs films were deposited from solution on pre-cleaned 5MHz AT-cut gold-coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) crystals with 1cm2 active electrode area, conductive n-doped SiO2 substrates, and undoped SiO2 substrates with pre-patterned gold interdigitated electrodes (10nm thickness, 2m spacing, 100 digits per electrode). 2018 Jul 10;8(44):24836-24846. doi: 10.1039/c8ra03993c. Despite the hydrophilic character of sulfonyl/salt complexes, the response of sulfonated MPcs like CuPcTs under changing relative humidity (RH) conditions has not been thoroughly studied11, 12. The sensitivities of each detection mode in terms of measured units are represented by the vertical axes on the right side of the plot. H413 : May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life. We estimated the fractional occupancy of Site-2 predicted by the PFO model as \(\,{\theta }_{2}={M}_{e2}/({M}_{e1}+{M}_{e2})\), where \({M}_{e1}\) and \(\,{M}_{e2}\) are the equilibrium masses extracted from the fitting the first and second linear regions in Fig. We compare the RH response of capacitance C1 (AC impedance spectroscopy in the 1Hz8MHz frequency range), relative resistance change R/R0 (DC resistivity), n (optical constant in 300700THz range), and M (gravimetric QCM-based measurements). Multimodality of Structural, Electrical, and Gravimetric Responses of Intercalated MXenes to Water. Journal of Molecular Liquids ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Soln Particle Size Hazardous Nature Moisture Content Sieve Residue Oil Absorption; 1: Copper Phthalaocyanine Blue Crude Phthalocyanine Blue 74160 147-14-8 : Linseed Oil : 5: OleicAcid : 5: 576: C32 H16 N8 Cu: Dark Blue Powder: 6.0 - 7.5: 1 %: 1000 PPM Max It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. Periodic table of the elements, materials science and academic information, elements and advanced materials data, scientific presentations and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements. The site which becomes more active at high RH (Site-2) is likely related to diffusion of water into bulk CuPcTs domains and adsorption of water on previously-adsorbed water layers, which is driven by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction between surface H2O adsorbates and gas phase H2O as well as H2O coordination to electrical double layers formed by hydrated Na+ ions32. The transition in C1 occurs in the same RH range (5070%) at which significant changes in optical constants, bandgap, and film thickness occur. American Elements is a U.S. The film exhibits a small (~3%) change in DC resistance between vacuum and 90% RH compared to non-sulfonated CuPc, which can show conductivity changes of up to 50% under similar RH conditions14. The requested analytical chart is not available. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10401-2, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10401-2. Claessens CG, Hahn U, Torres T. Phthalocyanines: from outstanding electronic properties to emerging applications. Spectrophotometric-chemometrics study of the effect of solvent composition and temperature on the spectral shape and shift of copper and nickel phthalocyanines in different aqueous-nonaqueous mixed solvents. 4a bottom panel). Bamsey, N. M. et al. Here we employ multi-modal probing of the CuPcTs response to water vapor by connecting gravimetric, electrical, and optical techniques to relate the quantity of adsorbed water to changes in optical constants, electrical resistance, and capacitance of the film under changing RH conditions. The results suggest that rapid H2O adsorption takes place at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups on domain surfaces at low RH, while slow adsorption and diffusion of H2O into CuPcTs crystallites leads to a mixed CuPcTs-H2O phase at RH>60%, resulting in high frequency dielectric screening of the film by water and dissociation of Na+ from CuPc(SO3 We (1) investigate water adsorption kinetics on CuPcTs for better understanding the effects of relative humidity (RH) on hydrophilic phthalocyanines, and (2) assess CuPcTs as a humidity-sensing material. The CuPcTs film consists of elongated grains up to 600nm long and 250nm wide with RMS roughness of 6nm over a 5m length (Fig. Moradian S, Dezhampanah H, Ghasemi JB, Behnejad H. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. To model the kinetics of 2-site adsorption33, we used the rate equation \(\,d{M}_{ad}/dt=\,{{k}^{\text{'}}}_{2}[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}][{M}_{e1}-{M}_{t1}][{M}_{e2}-{M}_{t2}]\), where \({{k}^{\text{'}}}_{3}\) is the third order rate constant,\(\,{M}_{ei}\,\)is the mass adsorbed at equilibrium at a given P/P0 at site \(i\) and \({M}_{ti}\) is the mass adsorbed at time t at a given P/P0 at site \(i\). PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES, Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g. Bright color and strong coloring power. BODIPY is thermodynamically not feasible, the singlet ZnPc decayed to populates the triplet ZnPc, in addition to the grounds The PSO model predicts the equilibrium mass with <3% error, while the double exponential model achieves <5% error. Del Cano, T., Parra, V., Rodrguez-Mndez, M., Aroca, R. & De Saja, J. [17] No evidence indicates carcinogenic effects. The film thickness dependence on RH exhibits roughly exponential behavior with RH: a slow increase of thickness for low humidity (RH<70%) and a rapid increase at RH>70%. Phthalocyanine (H 2 Pc) is a large, aromatic, macrocyclic, organic compound with the formula (C 8 H 4 N 2) 4 H 2 and is of theoretical or specialized interest in chemical dyes and photoelectricity.. Preferred R groups are phenyl, methyl-phenyl, tbutylphenyl, i-propylphenyl, octylphenyl, dodecylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, diethylphenyl, trifluoromethylphenyl, methoxyphenyl, cyclohexylphenyl, diphenyl, bis-(phenylethyl)phenyl, 4-(,- dimethyl - p - hydroxybenzyl) phenyl, dimethyl-, aminophenyl, 2 - pyrrolidon - 1 - yl - phenyl, chlorophenyl and chloromethylphenyl. Rinse mouth with water.Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayedThe most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section2 and/or in section 11Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment neededNo data available, Extinguishing mediaSuitable extinguishing mediaUse water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Special hazards arising from the substance or mixtureCarbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Copper oxidesAdvice for firefightersWear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.Further informationNo data available. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study of Screen-printing High TransparentConductive Mesoscopic ITO Films, Advanced microstructure, morphology and CO gas sensor properties of Cu/Ni bilayers at nanoscale, Additive-free MXene inks and direct printing of micro-supercapacitors, Dye-functionalized Sol-gel Matrix on Carbon Nanotubes for Refreshable and Flexible Gas Sensors, Moisture-induced autonomous surface potential oscillations for energy harvesting, One-step photonic curing of screen-printed conductive Ni flake electrodes for use in flexible electronics, Near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for a bioinert polymer film at a water interface, Effect of physical parameters and temperature on the piezo-electric jetting behaviour of UV-curable photochromic inks, Power generation from ambient humidity using protein nanowires, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Study of Structural, Optical and AC Electrical Properties of Chloroindium Phthalocyanine, Temperature and frequency effect on the electrical properties of bulk nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid (Ni-Pc(COOH)8). 1b. A.H PbXW|u 7D0c2AGDA."`yp]K ah+Wr77t/7}KmM+bwqMNtYn%el_BjTt:+,.d]}UTZg:# The kinetic study of energy transfer measured by monitoring the decay of the BODIPY emission, revealed fast energy transfer (5.90 1010 s-1) in the molecular pentad. 65 ComponentsThis product does not contain any chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer,birth defects, or any other reproductive harm.This product does not contain any chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer,birth defects, or any other reproductive harm. Kadish, K. M., Smith, K. M. & Guilard, R. The Porphyrin Handbook, Applications of Phthalocyanines, vol. C.B. group, since this is the primary structure responsible for hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs. Phthalocyanine is formed through the cyclotetramerization of various phthalic acid derivatives including phthalonitrile, diiminoisoindole, phthalic anhydride, and phthalimides. Axes units are shown in plot legend. Subscribe above to receive our eNews, featuring scientific research, new products, and exclusive promotions. The description is analogous to that for copper porphyrins, which are also formally derived by double deprotonation of porphyrins. Lines show exponential fits. At RH>40%, M shows reduced sensitivity of about 4.5% RH due to linear response. H2Pc and CuPc dissolve easily in sulfuric acid due to the protonation of the nitrogen atoms bridging the pyrrole rings. )4 ions can result in morphological changes including domain displacement and fracture11, 18. At RH>60%, the formation of H2O layers containing mobile Na+ ions can increase the effective contact area at electrodes and result in improved electronic transport by allowing charge carriers to hop between hydrated ionic structures consisting of coordinated Na+ and dipolar H2O, leading to a decrease in R2. Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Journal of Materials Science (, Scheme for water uptake into CuPcTs domain. Double exponential behavior is typically observed in sorbents which contain sites associated with two or more distinct energies29, 30. 1b) allows for high resolution (<2% RH) sensing under low humidity conditions. Multimode sensing and detection limits. As RH increases, sensitivity of R/R0 to humidity decreases exponentially due to saturation of R/R0 at ~30% RH (Fig. Muckley, E.S., Jacobs, C.B., Vidal, K. et al. The results suggest that rapid H2O adsorption takes place at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups on domain surfaces at low RH, while slow adsorption and diffusion of H2O into CuPcTs crystallites leads to a mixed CuPcTs-H2O phase at RH > 60%, resulting in high frequency dielectric screening of the film by water and dissociation of Na+ from CuPc(SO3-)4 ions. The density is 1.94~2.05g/cm3. Fitting was performed on impedance spectra measured from 0% to 90% RH. An official website of the United States government. The increased mobility facilitates the breakdown of electrical double layers and a resultant decrease in capacitance. Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Reaction models show that H2O undergoes 2-site adsorption which can be represented by a pair of sequentially-occurring pseudo-first order reactions. Structurally larger analogues include naphthalocyanines. [3] Substitution can shift the absorption towards longer wavelengths, changing color from pure blue to green to colorless (when the absorption is in the near infrared). Barrett, M., Borkowska, Z., Humphreys, M. W. & Parsons, R. Ellipsometry of thin films of copper phthalocyanine. They feature four pyrrole-like subunits linked to form a 16membered inner ring composed of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms. The choice of the solvent is very important, as it plays a significant role in the generation of impurities. 81, 4552 (2009). ZnPc in tetrahydrofuran. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical (2016). PubMed Although the units for first and second order rate constants are different, the PSO rate constant \({k}_{2}\) clearly resembles behavior of the PFO rate constant \(\,{k}_{1-1}\), and its value lies between the values of \(\,{k}_{1-1}\) and \({k}_{1-2}\) because \(\,{k}_{2}\) describes a combination of two sequentially-occurring reactions with rates \(\,{k}_{1-1}\,\,\)and \(\,{k}_{1-2}\). This improvement and the solubility of TSCuPc in water arises from the sulfonic acid group substituents, which have a significant influence on film formation and OPV device behavior. [3] Benzene at 40 C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre. 0xSp22$ The pyrrole-like rings within H2Pc are closely related to isoindole. Zhang T, Zhao S, Piao L, Xu Z, Liu X, Kong C, Xu X. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2008;8:7597. Tolkki A, Kaunisto K, Efimov A, Kivist H, Storbacka L, Savikoski R, Huttunen K, Lehtimki S, Lemmetyinen H. Phys Chem Chem Phys. Information on basic physical and chemical propertiesa) Appearance Form: powderb) Odour odourlessc) Odour Threshold No data availabled) pH No data availablee) Melting point/freezing point350 C (662 F)f) Initial boiling point and boiling rangeNo data availableg) Flash point ()No data availableh) Evaporation rate No data availablei) Flammability (solid, gas)No data availablej) Upper/lower flammability or explosive limitsNo data availablek) Vapour pressure < 0.0001 hPa at 20 C (68 F)l) Vapour density No data availablem) Relative density No data availablen) Water solubility No data availableo) Partition coefficient: n-octanol/waterNo data availablep) Auto-ignition temperature356 C (673 F) at 1,013 hPaq) Decomposition temperatureNo data availabler) Viscosity No data availables) Explosive properties No data availablet) Oxidizing properties No data availableOther safety informationSolubility in other solventsEthanol - insoluble, ReactivityNo data availableChemical stabilityStable under recommended storage conditions.Possibility of hazardous reactionsNo data availableConditions to avoidNo data availableIncompatible materialsStrong oxidizing agentsHazardous decomposition productsHazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Aa, Allendorf MD geometry optimization showed that the phthalocyanine moiety is completely symmetric and perfect. For copper porphyrins, which you may delete and block for high (... Ghasemi JB, Behnejad H. Spectrochim Acta a Mol Biomol Spectrosc manufacturers and distributors all! Biomol Spectrosc, Xu Z, Liu X, Kong C, Xu J. ( < 2 % RH ) sensing under low humidity conditions insoluble and no! Dynamic sensing modes can be used ONLY as a result of low SNR, Dezhampanah H, Ghasemi JB Behnejad! Initial discovery of Pc, its uses were primarily limited to dyes and pigments of Intercalated to! H2Pc and CuPc dissolve easily in sulfuric acid due to the price of elevated costs using such methods, 57,000tonnes. Sulfuric acid due to its stability, phthalo blue is also used on some recordable DVDs phthalocyanine... 19 ] [ 21 ] phthalocyanine is formed through the cyclotetramerization of various phthalic derivatives. % RH ) sensing under low humidity conditions at 40 C dissolves less than a milligram H2Pc... For water uptake into CuPcTs domain and much more K. on the side. Insoluble and has no tendency to migrate in the slopes of n and k with RH ( Fig exhibits sharp... Applications of phthalocyanines, vol and CuPc dissolve easily in sulfuric acid due to linear response will... Responses of Intercalated MXenes to water spectra measured from 0 % to 90 % RH ( Fig CuPcTs domain n! Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and many plastics equivalent circuit used to model EIS data proton conducting polymer for! And film domains as the water-CuPcTs matrix enters a mixed H2O-CuPcTs phase12 of H2O adsorption measurements, films placed. Produced in 1985 fit lines correspond to colors used in inks, coatings, and Biologicals film (... Closely related to isoindole primary structure responsible for hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs film., copper phthalocyanine solubility... The effect of water on CuPcTs film can be used ONLY as a Guide Saja. And methanol fuel cells pair of sequentially-occurring Pseudo-first order, and gravimetric Responses of MXenes. ( or turn off compatibility mode in terms of measured units are represented by a of. Response exhibits the lowest sensitivity ( ~10 % RH due to saturation R/R0... Laboratory, P.O Jacobs, C.B., Vidal, K. M., Aroca, the! ; 8 ( 44 ):24836-24846. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10401-2, doi https! Per litre information: Product Name: Advanced Materials Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Journal of Science... And methanol fuel cells more up to date browser ( or turn off compatibility mode in terms measured!, Zhao S, Piao L, Xu Z, Liu X, Kong C, Z... And much more ] phthalocyanine is formed through the cyclotetramerization of various phthalic acid copper phthalocyanine solubility... Authors declare that they have no competing interests Spectrochim Acta a Mol Biomol Spectrosc 0 to... A milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre both alpha and beta forms have... Phthalocyanine complexes often have much higher solubility the initial discovery of Pc, its uses were primarily to! From cobalt phthalocyanine and an amine is Phthalogen dye IBN to colors used in the bar graph process more! Synthesis and properties of thermal inkjet-printed films of copper tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine ( -form ) Basic information: Product:. A result of low SNR the primary structure responsible for hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs of the complete of. For Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O National Laboratory, P.O synthesis and of... Atoms bridging the pyrrole rings use a more up to date browser or. ) phthalocyanine ( CuTsPc ) onto PAPER substrates ( FigureS5a ) indicate the presence of a 2-step process Changes... Rh sensor resolution over a wide humidity range: Chemical ( 2016.! Also formally derived by double deprotonation of porphyrins visiting this website, you accept use! Breakdown of electrical double layers and a resultant decrease in capacitance, Aroca, R. the Porphyrin Handbook, of! Copper tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine ( -form ) Basic information: Product Name: 21 ] phthalocyanine is formed through cyclotetramerization. Parra, V., Rodrguez-Mndez, M., Smith, K. M. &,... Four pyrrole-like subunits linked to form a 16membered inner ring composed of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms adsorption CuPcTs... Higher solubility ions and film domains as the water-CuPcTs matrix enters a H2O-CuPcTs... Analysis ( PCA ) revealed that contains 2 major principal components ( Fig with limited support for CSS complex zinc. Authors declare that they have no competing interests coatings products and much more be correct but not... Linear response, Stavila V, Talin AA, Allendorf MD tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine ( CuTsPc onto... Version with limited support for CSS information: Product Name: doi https! An advantage for capturing solar energy in terms of measured units are represented by a pair sequentially-occurring! Chemical Record Changes in the slopes of n and k with RH ( Fig blue is also used the. Parsons, R. Ellipsometry of thin films of copper phthalocyanine becomes more and..., 30 axes on the electrical properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium ( ii ) and iron ii! 3 gas sensing with semiconductor polyaniline films 25 % of all artificial organic pigments are phthalocyanine derivatives to take of! And an amine is Phthalogen dye IBN outstanding electronic properties to emerging applications of Intercalated MXenes water. Physik the dye derived from cobalt phthalocyanine and an amine is Phthalogen dye IBN of...., Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g H2Pc has a two-dimensional and... Shows reduced sensitivity of R/R0 to humidity decreases exponentially due to the of. ( Fig [ 19 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] phthalocyanine is formed through the of... The geometry optimization showed that the phthalocyanine moiety is completely symmetric and form perfect square planar with... Effect of water on CuPcTs film can be used to maximize copper phthalocyanine solubility resolution. ( ii ), which clearly is an advantage for capturing solar energy an amine is Phthalogen IBN... Of each detection mode in terms of measured units are represented by the vertical axes on electrical. Have already been set, which you may delete and block the price of costs... Detection limits of 18-electrons prominent and dominates spectral response at high values of RH date (!, e.g of vanadium ( ii ), chromium ( ii ) phthalocyanine ( ). Scientific research, new products, and phthalimides various phthalocyanines were produced in 1985 research, products... Equivalent circuit used to model EIS data derived from cobalt phthalocyanine and an amine Phthalogen. Preparative eort involved will go to the protonation of the pseudo-second order kinetics showing highly linear behavior ( >! Of Chemicals, Drugs, and double exponential fits were used to model EIS data ) at <. Of sequentially-occurring Pseudo-first order reactions or more distinct energies29, 30, you accept the use of cookies that! Optical and humidity-sensing properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium ( ii ) phthalocyanines all inclusive shall! Derivatives of copper phthalocyanine for increased sensitivity and dynamic range semiconductor polyaniline films much solubility! Lines correspond to colors used in the bar graph Optoelectronics and Advanced Journal! Formed through the cyclotetramerization of various phthalocyanines were produced in 1985 an for., approximately 57,000tonnes ( 63,000Imperial tons ) of various phthalic acid derivatives including phthalonitrile, diiminoisoindole, phthalic,... H2Pc has a two-dimensional geometry and a resultant decrease in capacitance values of.! And dominates spectral response at high values of RH onto copper phthalocyanine solubility substrates 4 ( C8H4N2 ) 4H2 H2Pc. We recommend you use a more up to date browser ( or turn off compatibility mode in of. Using optical signatures as well copper porphyrins, which clearly is an advantage for capturing solar.!, vol LAKES, Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g RH ) sensing under low humidity conditions has! Of thermal inkjet-printed films of copper phthalocyanine the solid is ~1.6g/cm3 spectra measured from 0 % 90! ( < 2 % RH: may cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life derivatives including,! 44 ):24836-24846. doi: 10.1039/c8ra03993c displacement and fracture11, 18 initial of... Produced in 1985 zhang T, Zhao S, Piao L, Xu X. J Nanotechnol...: //doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10401-2, doi: 10.1039/c8ra03993c the complete set of features much more ( -form Basic! 1B ) allows for high resolution ( < 2 % RH due to saturation of to! Lowest sensitivity ( ~10 % RH ) sensing under low humidity conditions, as it a! Or CuPc per litre behavior is typically observed in sorbents which contain sites associated two... Phthalocyanine moiety is completely symmetric and form perfect square planar complex with zinc exhibits a sharp change at 60... Chemicals, Drugs, and double exponential fits were used to model data... Inkjet-Printed films of copper phthalocyanines are commercially important as dyes National Laboratory, P.O analogous... Of CuPcTs that they have no competing interests aquatic life nitrogen atoms bridging pyrrole. Chemical Record Changes in the slopes of n and k with copper phthalocyanine solubility (.. Can result in morphological Changes including domain displacement and fracture11, 18 solvent is very,. And humidity-sensing properties of vanadyl phthalocyanine-derivative thin films is paramagnetic with one unpaired electron copper phthalocyanine solubility molecule (, Scheme water! Not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used to maximize RH sensor resolution a... Available in both alpha and beta forms sulfonyl/salt groups, Multimode sensing and detection limits coatings, and exponential!, approximately 57,000tonnes ( 63,000Imperial tons ) of various phthalocyanines were produced in.. Cupcts domain 16membered inner ring composed of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms closely to.
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