The Clotilda made headlines in January 2018 when researchers announced they may have discovered its remains. Hal's Lake lies deep in Clarke County, near the community of Carlton, just north of where the Tombigbee and Alabama rivers converge. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Limestone County, Alabama (NARA The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. The schooner Clotilda, under the command of Captain William Foster and carrying a cargo of 124 Africans, arrived in Mobile Bay, Alabama, in July 1860. As the Clotilda survivors made a new home for themselves in Alabama, they continued to hope theyd see their families again one day. The African slave trade was first brought to Alabama when the region was part of the French Louisiana Colony. PLEASE HELP! But their story is also the story of all the Africans who arrived through the slave trade We see the unity, the strong bond between the people who were on slave ships, and the link also to their families back home that was never broken in peoples mind.. methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film Clarke County Alabama History Clarke County was established on December 10, 1812 by the Mississippi Territory. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material Surrounded by cane brake, it was an ideal place to live undetected. They hoed potatoes and tobacco, but Rev. about 1 in 70 being a slaveholder. 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. The 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865. [13][10] Cotton made up over half of US exports at the time, and southern plantations produced three-fourths of the global cotton supply.[14]. Slavery was officially abolished in the United States, following the end of the US Civil War by the Thirteenth Amendment which took effect on December 18, 1865. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with When news of emancipation reached this group in 1865, the first thing they wanted to do was to go back home, Diouf says. But in particular, it would be important for the Africatown community. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Mississippi (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 596) reportedly includes a total of 5,076 slaves. The 1852 Alabama Slave Code urged slaveholders to keep slave families together during sales whenever possible and to avoid separating children under the age of five from their mothers. When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the states 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. Embed <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/1860-slave-census-schedule-from-monroe-county-alabama/"><img src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/1860-census.jpg?w=640"></a> or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 1,359 farms of 500-999 Recent speculation about the location of the ship has brought national attention to issues in Africatown, such as its lawsuit against an industrial plant for generating cancer-causing pollution. family tree, surname, vital records, biography, or otherwise Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Lawrence County, Alabama, in 1860, is either non-existent or not readily available. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Who brought the first Africans to Alabama? slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. In Alabama in 1860 there were 482 farms of 1,000 acres States that saw significant increases in S. & 2 others, 74 Slaves, Page 238B, LOCKHART, James P., 49 H. B., 44 Slaves, Page 230, MALONE, J. H., Athens Ala., 65 Slaves, Page 260B, MAPLES, Malcolm G.?, 75 Slaves, Page 273B, MARTINDALE, Elizabeth, 40 Slaves, Page 265, MASON, John R., A. M. Weatherford for, 134 Slaves, Page 275, MATHEWS, L., Madison City Ala., 62 Slaves, Page 258, MATHEWS, L.?, Madison City Ala., 98 Slaves, Page 259B, MEMPHIS & CHARLESTON R. R., owners various & unknown, 36 Slaves, Page 240, MOORE, S. H., Charles H. Patton in trust for, 112 Slaves, Page 246, PEEBLES, R. B., in trust for 2 minors, 80 Slaves, Page 250B, PEETE, Samueal, Madison City Ala., 45 Slaves, Page 258B, RICE, John, Mary P. Rice in trust for, 94 Slaves, Page 247, TOURISEM?, Brice? Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Alabama, Slavery]] . African American Research, Part 1 States that saw significant increases in Though the census schedules speak in terms of slave owners, the When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. This page was last modified 08:37, 11 May 2021. There is simply no other historical document quite like it. Henry Ossian Flipper, The Colored Cadet at West Point, History of the Black Soldiers in the Spanish American War, Anti-Slavery Tracts No. Though the census schedules speak in terms of slave owners, the Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :) family history, Alabama's antebellum-era slave codes were replaced by a postbellum social and legal system of separating citizens on the basis of race that remained intact through the mid-twentieth century. colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation Antonia is a firm believer in the power of education, and she is passionate about helping students reach their full potential. The majority of slave children were raised by their mothers andto a lesser extenttheir fathers. Owners also used other forms of punishment such as withholding food, restricting travel, or selling off relatives as a means of controlling slaves whom they deemed troublesome. enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding 3,950,546 unnamed Many enslaved women were owned by small farmers and worked as domestic servants. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. Surname matching of This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Alabama that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. Florida Agricultural And Mechanical University, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Massachusetts Institute Of Technology (Mit), Missouri University Of Science And Technology, State University Of New York Health Science Center At Brooklyn, Suny College Of Environmental Science And Forestry, The University Of North Carolina At Charlotte, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, The University Of Texas Health Science Center At San Antonio, The University Of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University Of Texas Medical Branch At Galveston, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Uniformed Services University Of The Health Sciences, University At Buffalo Suny School Of Engineering And Applied Sciences, University Of California, Los Angeles (Ucla), University Of Illinois At Urbana Champaign, University Of Maryland Baltimore County (Umbc), University Of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, University Of Tennessee Health Science Center, University Of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! Wealthy planters generally had multiple domestic servants, whose duties ranged from cooking and cleaning to driving carriages, serving meals, and nursing children. found on the 1870 census, then making the link to finding that ancestor as a slave requires Most antebellum slaves lived in so-called nuclear families (father, mother, and children). lots of duplication of plantation names. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. Wealth was still concentrated in the hands of wealthy white plantation owners, who the newly freed black citizens were now completely reliant upon for survival. American Cross Race Genealogy Research The District of Selma for the Freedmen's Bureau contain records for Bibb, Dallas, Perry, and Wilcox counties in Alabama. The actual number of slaveholders may be The slave population more than doubled during the 1820s and again during the 1830s. such slaves named in this county. Download 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone Like its neighbors, the Alabama Territory was fertile ground for the surging cotton crop, and soon became one of the major destinations for African-American slaves who were being shipped to the Southeastern United States. This transcription includes 68 slaveholders who held 27 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 3,190 slaves, or about 43% of the County total. Formation of the State. names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been Antonia is a gifted educator, and she is widely respected within the education community. 2009. Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. 18, The Fugitive Slave Law, and its Victims, Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Marriage Records Index Colored Wilcox County, The History of Butler County, Alabama, from 1815 to 1885, A history of Bullock County, Alabama, 1866-1906, 1859-60 City Directory of Montgomery Alabama, Bethel Baptist Cemetery Records, Jones, Alabama, Online African American Books at AccessGenealogy. [These figures do not consider the affect of any County boundary changes that may have MOBILE, Ala. ( WALA) -19-year-old Xavier Dixon didn't say a word while being escorted to metro jail after a murder in broad daylight. When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the state's 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list Since the U.S. government was not in effective control of many of these territories until later in the war, many of these slaves proclaimed to be free by the Emancipation Proclamation were still held in servitude until those areas came back under Union control. In his interview with Zora Neale Hurston, Lewis recalls explaining to Meaher that the Clotilda Africans had land and property back home, but now had nothing. (6,400%). slaves, or about 47% of the County total. Slaveowners used a variety of punishments to discipline and dominate slaves. After the Clotildas voyage to Africa, Meaher burned the ship in the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta to destroy the evidence of the illegal journey. for colored persons from Limestone County, included the following: Georgia, up 80,000 to See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. Its the best documented story of the entire slave trade, not only to the U.S., but to the Americas, says historian Sylviane A. Diouf, author of Dreams of Africa in Alabama: The Slave Ship Clotilda and the Story of the Last Africans Brought to America. Between 1860 and 1870, Unable to return to Africa after emancipation on June 19, 1865aka Juneteenththey left records and gave interviews about who they were and where they came from that survive today. Some of these former slaves may have Punishment was often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but sometimes abuse was performed to re-assert the dominance of the master (or overseer) over the slave. Available online at Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org, and HeritageQuest.com Census records are basic building blocks for everyones research. But some would choose a new surname entirely. ], 92 Slaves, Page 253, YARBROUGH, John N.?, 39 Slaves, Page 266B. The page numbers [2][3], Originally part of the Mississippi Territory, the Alabama Territory was formed in 1817. The schooner Clotilda smuggled African captives into the U.S. in 1860, more than 50 years after importing slaves was outlawed. population decreased about 10% to 7,253. And when they were interviewed, their wish was for the interviewers to give their African names, their original names, so that if the story could ever go to Africa, their families would know that they were still alive.. But the timeline fits with what we know of the origins of the slave trade. Smith said the truck belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin. PLEASE HELP! It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. Clarke County Sherriff Dewayne Smith said a man was found burned in his truck on a small dirt road outside of Lower Peach Tree. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. Join To Live : https://www.youtube.com/redirect?q=https://bit.ly/3WFccXXLive Game : Blacksher Vs. Clarke County - Girls Basketball Alabama 1/17/2023The Clark. acres. Clarke County Sheriff DeWayne Smith said his agency is assisting with the investigation. Chas Parker, a slave to Rev. Sometimes slaves used fire to destroy a plantation's outbuildings or the harvested cotton crop. When you find a useful new resource, go to the right Linkpendium page and click the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. We have modeled this center much like we have for Native Americans, whose research can also be hampered by the available records. Originally named Kossula, he was only 19 years old when members of the Dahomean kingdom captured him and brought him to the coast for sale. Rebuffed by Meaher, the group resolved to work hard and save money in order to buy some land from him, which they did (Lewis noted dryly to Hurston that Meaher didnt even take off one five cent from de price for us.) With this and other land they purchased, they built a community called African Town. 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. Dallas, Montgomery Many more slaves were brought to Alabama by slave traders, such as those operating in Mobile and Montgomery, where the state's largest slave auction houses were located. and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County Due to variable Between 1860 and 1870, Nonetheless, the 1852 Alabama Slave Code made the voluntary manslaughter of a white person by a slave a capital offense. In the agricultural industry, this most often took the form of a contract labor system known as sharecropping where black farmers rented land from white landowners and paid with their labor and crops. . Ethridge, Robbie Franklyn, and Sheri Marie Shuck-Hall. In Alabama, Meaher sold some of the Africans, but divided up most between himself, his two brothers and the ships captainnone of whom were ever convicted for their crimes. personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. includes 61 slaveholders who held 35 or more slaves in Limestone County, accounting for 3,824 This page and its subpages contain 246 links. What county in Alabama had the most slaves? used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the [11][12], By 1861 nearly 45% of the population of Alabama were slaves, and slave plantation agriculture was the center of the Alabama economy. The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. Home Mississippi State University How Did Slaves Get To Alabama? Permission to excerpt, transcribe and post the historical content, in correlation with Doll's Genealogy Site, was granted by the The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, April 2001. Those bonds, however, did not change the fact that a slave was considered property. What Is The Oldest School In Mississippi? transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions The last U.S. census slave schedules were and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and enumerated, out of a total of 3,950,546 slaves nationwide. Name index and images of slave schedules listing slave owners and only age, gender and color data of the slaves in cesus states or territories in 1850. The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the, Alabama gained statehood during a period when. The Macon County Alabama Slave Narratives were excerpted from "Shadow of the Plantation" by Charles S. Johnson. number of slaves they held and the first census page on which they were listed. film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering Meaher didnt provide them with passage back to Africa, and they soon realized that they wouldnt be able to earn the money for their passage themselves. was listed as having 28,884 whites, about a four fold increase, but the 1960 total of 7,620 The captives were marched to the coast, often enduring long journeys of weeks or even months, shackled to one another. Court Records Free Reference and Directory), Clarke County, Alabama, Circuit Court case files, 1811-1902, Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870), United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, Alabama Wills and Probate Records, 1753-1999, Clarke County, Alabama, estate case files, 1810-1915, Histopolis Collaborative Genealogy & History), Cyndi's List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet), Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office), U.S. General Land Office Records, 1796-1907, Clarke County Alabama Genealogical Network, Clarke County Alabama history, culture and life, USGS Geographic Names Information System), Abstracts of marriages, deeds, court records, tract books and orphans court minutes, Genealogical Publishing Company and Clearfield Company), Alabama Civil War and Reconstruction Newspapers, Alabama Department of Archives & History), American Memory from the Library of Congress), Clarke County, Alabama, poll tax record book, 1897-1914, Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project), mindat.org - the mineral and locality database). Contract labor systems were put into place in southern states that forced freed blacks to work in jobs that they could not legally quit, left them permanently in debt, and which often involved violent physical punishment by white property owners. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! This is a category for those who held slaves in this county. This transcription related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in the source or at Home > USA > Alabama > Clarke County > Census Records and Indexes. Thats something you have control over, Berry said. population decreased about 10% to 7,253. How Long Does A Typical College Course Take To Complete? If an African American ancestor with one of these surnames is subdivisions of the State by which the census was enumerated. This transcription includes 21 slaveholders who held 40 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 1,473 slaves, or 29% of the County total. 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. I tookee good keer my slaves and derefo I doan owe dem nothin.. Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was obtained using Heritage Quests CD If found, the Clotilda would be the only ship from the U.S. slave trade ever recovered. She has worked in schools all over the world, and has developed groundbreaking curricula that have helped countless students excel. almost non-existent. (6,400%). Required fields are marked *. Following the holder list is a separate list of the There were. SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS: (exact surname spellings only are reported, no spelling variations or soundex), (SURNAME, # in US, in State, in County, born in State, born and living in State, born in State This transcription includes 61 slaveholders who held 35 or more slaves in Limestone County, accounting for 3,824 slaves, or about 47% of the County total. What was the name of the ship that brought the slaves to America? Estimates of the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary widely and from region to region. Its extremely difficult to connect the freed black Americans first named on the 1870 census to their enslaved ancestorsa problem known as the 1870 Brick Wall. 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. The Clotildasailed to a West African port now located in the country of Benin. ", Plantation complexes in the Southern United States, "Old Cahawba, Alabama's first state capital, 1820 to 1826", "Alabama's population: 1800 to the modern era", "The Birth of Jim Crow in Alabama 1865-1896", "Sharecropping and Tenant Farming in Alabama", Alabama Department of Archives and History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_slavery_in_Alabama&oldid=1128842893, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 December 2022, at 07:22. on the "Add your favorite Website(s) to this page" link. County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. Category: United States of America, Slavery, Autauga County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Baldwin County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Barbour County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Benton County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Blount County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Bullock County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Butler County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Calhoun County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Chambers County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Cherokee County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Chilton County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Choctaw County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Cleburne County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Coffee County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Colbert County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Conecuh County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Cotaco County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Covington County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Crenshaw County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Cullman County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Dallas County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), DeKalb County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Elmore County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Escambia County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Etowah County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Fayette County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Franklin County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Geneva County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Greene County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Houston County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Jackson County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Jefferson County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Lauderdale County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Lawrence County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Limestone County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 1, 0), Lowndes County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Madison County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Marengo County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Marion County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Marshall County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Mobile County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Monroe County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Montgomery County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Morgan County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Pickens County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Randolph County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Russell County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Shelby County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), St. Clair County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Sumter County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Talladega County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Tallapoosa County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Walker County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Washington County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Wilcox County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Winston County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Perry County Alabama to Union Parish Louisiana 2, Slaves and their owners in Dallas County Alabama. Well over 90 percent of enslaved Africans were imported into the Caribbean and South America. Slaves were enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling, hanging, beating, burning, mutilation, branding, rape, and imprisonment. The African American Heritage Preservation Foundation, Inc. (AAHPF) is dedicated to the preservation of endangered and little known African American historical sites and its history. The racist ideology that had once excused the actions of the state's slaveholders survived the Civil War and emancipation and carried over into the post-bellum era to support an array of Jim Crow laws that trampled upon the civil liberties of African Americans until they were overturned during the, 1819-1838: Early Statehood and Indian Removal. P. O. 1850. There are several plantation homes in Alabama that have survived for nearly 200 years and Ive listed 10 of them below. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. Where did the freed slaves go who did not stay in this county? United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, 1930 United States Census on Internet Archive), National Archives Official 1940 Census Website, U. S. National Archives & Records Administration). been counted in each County. Locate every ancestor and relative in every census in which they were alive (to the extent possible). Couldnt Meaher give them a piece of his own land as compensation for the lives and free labor hed stolen from them? methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film surnames of the holders with information on numbers of African Americans on the 1870 census 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Africans carried to North America, including the Caribbean, left mainly from West Africa. 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. What was the largest plantation in Alabama? How can I find out if my family were slaves? the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored It is possible to locate an ancestor on a U.S. census for 1860 or earlier and This is a high-level category and should not have individual profiles added to it. All Rights Reserved. Where In Mississippi Should You Not Live? Mobile businessman Timothy Meaher organized the Clotilda voyage after making a bet that he could, as he put it, bring a shipful of n*****s right into Mobile Bay under the officers noses.. (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 The process of freed Alabama slaves go if they did not stay in Alabama? IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. Baine, Rodney M. 1995. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. not realize that ancestor was also listed as a slaveholder on the slave schedules, because published Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society The Thirteenth Amendment permanently abolished slavery in the United States in 1865. The county had numerous forts, built by settlers for protection during the Creek War (1813-1814). Most of the settlers came from the nearby states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, attracted by the prospect of fertile land for cotton in the Tennessee Valley and Black Belt region. Taken from The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography, this collection is the most complete available picture of the African-American slavery experience. Alabama became a part of the Mississippi Territory in 1798 after Indian cessions in north Alabama. [4][5] Within 20 years of becoming a state, Alabama was the largest cotton producer in the US, producing 23% of the nation's cotton crop. 73086 Washington DC 20056-3086 The African American Heritage Preservation Foundation, Inc. (AAHPF) is dedicated to the preservation of endangered and little known African American historical sites and its history. There, the captain bought people from the Benin region like Cudjo Lewis. colored population during that time, and were therefore more likely possible places of relocation genealogically-related site on the Internet. slaveholders with 1870 African Americans is intended merely as suggesting another possibility for FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Besides the various slave narratives . have still been living in the same State or County. Compared to their white counterparts, slave families had more mother-headed households and were less patriarchal, and their typical lack of status and property undermined expressions of male authority. "Indian Slavery in Colonial Georgia. Lewis was one of about 30 Clotilda survivors forced to work for James Meaher for the next five years. who were enumerated with the same surname. The first county seat was Clarkesville, founded in 1820. Common acts of daily resistance included faking illness, breaking tools, and. Many owners and overseers physically beat slaves with instruments such as whips and cat o'nine tails. Americans were enumerated as free in 1860, with about half of those living in the southern States. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. The rest of the slaves in the County were held by a total of 577 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. The Global Slavery Index (2018) estimated that roughly 40.3 million individuals are currently caught in modern slavery, with 71% of those being female, and 1 in 4 being children. 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War . [8] Most Native American tribes were completely removed from the state within a few years of the passage of the Indian Removal Act by Congress in 1830. transcription was made from the Ancestry on line images of the microfilm. Sumer or Sumeria is still thought to be the birthplace of slavery, which grew out of Sumer into Greece and other parts of ancient Mesopotamia. Start with the 1940 Census and work your way backwards. The average slave sold for a few hundred dollars, whereas men between the ages of 17 and 35 who could work in the fields often sold for more than a $1,000. What State Has Most Songs Written About It? Paraphrasing Marcus Garvey, Battles reflects, If you dont know your history, youre just like a tree without no roots.. Census data for 1860 Due to variable 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind Slaves 100 years of age or older were Why Did Mississippi Ratify The 13Th Amendment In 1995? Enslaved workers also performed numerous domestic chores on both small farms and large plantations. Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :) family history, The outcome of the American Civil War ended slavery in Alabama. 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