Meant to be read, discussed, and shared widely. The audio version provides an ideal (even mandatory) opportunity for libraries to share these resonating tales with readers reluctant to pick up the page. Josef, his father, mother, and little sister Ruthie are all asleep when their home is invaded during Kristallnacht, the night when Nazi police and "Brownshirts" were directed to destroy Jewish shops, homes, and synagogues, and terrorize Jewish citizens all across Germany. Powerful and compelling. Refugee: Plot Overview | SparkNotes Josef Landau's story begins in 1938 in Nazi Germany. Empathy and Social Responsibility. The family face incredible hardship and tragedy throughout their long journey through Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Serbia, and Hungary on their way to Germany. In Josefs story, the very calm of the Atlantic Ocean is menacing, hiding a darker future. The night that they were captured in France, Josef volunteered to be taken by the Nazis; both Josef and their mother were killed in concentration camps. Isabels family and friends have always wanted to leave the country, but Castro will throw you in jail if you try to escape. They board the ship St. Louis, based on the actual ship that brought Jewish refugees to Cuba and then to the United States but was denied entry by both.That ship had to return the refugees to Europe, where they were split among four countries, and when those countries . Just when Miami becomes visible on the horizon, a U.S. Coast Guard boat tries to intercept the two families. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Mahmouds story starts with their apartment building collapsing, due to people rioting because of the civil war going on in Syria. They wash their hands and pray facing Mecca, praising God and reciting from the Qur'an. It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. "Refugee - Summary" eNotes Publishing Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. Refugee: Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean - LitCharts The family struggles between needing to stay "invisible" in order to avoid danger and survive and becoming "visible" so that those with means can give them aid. When students storyboard, they are actively engaged in the learning process and can make connections between the text and their own lives. Refugee Book Summary and Activities | Refugee by Alan Glatz The summary is broken up into approximately 50-page blocks. Ruth promises to help Mahmoud find Hana. date the date you are citing the material. And why do children lead the novels action? Free trial is available to new customers only. Though Refugee is a novel, all three of its main storylines are based on actual historical events. eNotes Editorial. Teachers and parents! Unlisted storyboards can be shared via a link, but otherwise will remain hidden. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. eNotes.com Refine any search. His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Eventually, the captain announces that they are not going to be allowed to dock in Havana and that the boat will be leaving. The second date is today's Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Josef's story is set in Nazi Germany in 1939. Josef: Havana Harbor 1939, 19 days (2). These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. "Refugee - Analysis" eNotes Publishing The Nazis invade France in 1940, forcing the Landaus to go on the run once again. Log in here. Josef Landau. Josef; his mother, Rachel; and his sister, Ruth, leave for Hamburg, where they are to meet Aaron and sail to Cuba, which is said to be offering asylum to those fleeing Nazi Germany. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Mahmouds father tells them that Germany is accepting Syrian refugees and if they can get to Greece, they will be able to travel within the European Union to reach Germany. Josef Landau Character Analysis in Refugee | LitCharts The Nazis labelling Aarons practice as a crime against the German people inherently detaches them from their own German culture. Equally real are the events of 1994 depicted in the novel. T he main characters in Refugee are Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bishara.. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old Jewish boy living in Berlin, Germany, in 1938. In Isabels journey, Ivn is claimed by sharks, which symbolize the life-taking maw of the ocean. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Berlin. Is Ravis experience Josef Landau is a Jewish boy in Germany in 1938. Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Summary R efugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. For the last few years, there has been a war in his country between the Syrian government, rebels, the Soviets, the United States and several other factions. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. It is called the most deadly conflict of the 21st century thus far, with 250,000 casualties and millions Syrians who have been forced to flee the devastation. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. Dont have an account? The hatred that Josef experiences on the tour only reminds him, and the readers, of the stakes of the trip. But Captain Schroeder recognizes the necessity of keeping those hopes alive, and so continues to conceal that there may be trouble when they reach Cuba. They run into several problems, like being in bloody water with many sharks around on a sinking boat and there are high stakes at the end. Refugee is both thrilling and heartrending. What can you learn about the people and the time period from these allusions? Isabel Fernandezis escaping Castro's Cuba in 1994. Out of the 937 aboard, roughly 254 ultimately perished in Nazi concentration camps. Refugee Alan Gratz Study Guide Summary Plot Overview Chapter Summaries Summary Chapter Summaries Josef / Berlin, Germany-1938 Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Nazi Germany. This is a powerful and inspirational book written by Alan Gratz, a great author. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Mahmouds journey is punctuated by icy rain even when he is still on dry land, as in Turkey, where his family scrambles for a dry place to stay. Want 100 or more? Active Themes Related Quotes with Explanations REFUGEE braids three different stories of young refugees. Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. Finally, storyboards are a great way to assess student understanding because they provide a visual representation of student learning. When Officer Padron returns to the St. Louis, he is treated like a hero by the Jewish passengers. The way the content is organized, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. A stunning, poignant novel about the plight of refugees Grade A. Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. Book Review - Refugee - Smithtown Library He is gaunt and thin; looking "like an escapee from a mental asylum" (36). Refugee (Alan Gratz) - Pages 74 - 109 Summary & Analysis https://www.storyboardthat.com/lesson-plans/refugee-by-alan-gratz, *(This Will Start a 2-Week Free Trial - No Credit Card Needed). Josef Landau, from the book Refugee, is a 13 year old boy born into the life of World War 2. In doing so, he is able to atone for a past crime: he is Mariano Padron, one of the police officers who kept the passengers of the St. Louis from disembarking in Cuba in 1939, and only after stalling them for days with the false promise of maana. Within the portal, all users can view and copy all storyboards. Book Review - Refugee - Smithtown Library publication online or last modification online. Josef Landau Josef is a 13-year-old Jewish boy living in Germany in the 1930s. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Thus, the sea comes to represent death, chaos, and uncertainty at one level. Ed. After . Making their way past ISIS operatives, they get to Turkey by road, where a boat is to take them to Greece tomorrow. Again, like it was for the Landaus at the Cuban coast, that tomorrow is deferred, day after day and week after week, and the family is forced to take shelter in an abandoned Turkish mall. It tells the story of three refugee children and their families in different times and places. It gives the reader an unflinching look at the humanity, courage, and struggle of refugees seeking safety and freedom. This is a fascinating tale. On the sea, Mahmoud is marooned in the freezing Mediterranean, which ultimately capsizes his ramshackle raft. Refugee is more than a story about children fleeing their homelands, it is a story about what unites us all love, family and perseverance. for a group? A few of the crew, however, openly dislike the Jewish passengers, especially Otto Schiendick, who proudly states his Nazi allegiance. eNotes.com, Inc. Alan Gratzs novel Refugee (2017) illuminates the worldwide refugee crisis through the stories of three children fleeing possible death with their families in different times and places. However, despite the presence of kind adults like Captain Schroeder, the ship is also haunted by Nazi spies, like Otto Schiendick, who mistreat Jews. However, soon enough, Germany invades Poland, thus beginning World War II. The way the content is organized, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. He also draws a clear line between this view of the children, and their justification of the violence that they deem acceptable against Jewish people. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. A storm sweeps them to the Bahamas, where they are not allowed to disembark; Ivn is attacked by sharks and eventually bleeds to death in the boat; and toward the end of the journey, Isabels pregnant mother goes into labor. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! What character traits are Josef's? | Refugee (Alan Gratz) Questions Already a member? A passing, overcrowded boat cannot accommodate all of them, but at Mahmouds insistence, a woman onboard agrees to take Hana. They have come to arrest Josef's father: "Other Jewish homes and businesses and synagogues were destroyed all over Germany, and tens of . Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Josef: Train to Hamburg - 1939, 1 day Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, Fatima, do their usual afternoon prayer. Filled with both tragic loss and ample evidence of resilience, these memorable and tightly plotted stories contextualize and give voice to current refugee crises, Exceptional readers Michael Goldstrom, Kyla Garcia, and Assaf Cohen tackle Gratzs compelling novel. In Refugee, what is the climax of Mahmoud's story. Struggling with distance learning? Aarons purported crime is that he is still practicing law when the Nazis have expressly forbidden the Jewish community from that profession. His mother, father, little brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana barely manage to escape the bombing of their apartment building. eNotes Editorial. Finally, the Bisharas reach Germany, where they are offered a place to stay by a kind older Jewish woman. Discount, Discount Code Thank you! On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, members of the Brownshirts, the police force of Nazi Germany, invade Josefs house and take away his father, Aaron Landau. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Mahmoud hands his sister, Hana, to another passing raft of refugees, knowing that his mother cannot hold her and swim. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. For Aaron, it represents a metaphorical death, as he disappears into the water and subsequently out of Josefs life. On the ship, Ruth, born in Nazi Germany, has the freedom to play openly for the first time in her life. Gratz shows how Josefs experience is not an isolated incident: all over Germany, Jews are facing the same kind of erasure of their culture and identity. All storyboards are public and can be viewed and copied by anyone. Fatima holds little Hana over her head, while Mahmoud keeps Fatima afloat. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. When Isabel is asked to play a song at her new school in America, she plays a Cuban salsa version of The Star-Spangled Banner.. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America, Mahmoud is a Syrian boy in 2015. His father was put into a concentration camp during "The Night of Broken Glass," while Josef and his sister, Ruth watched their father being taken inhumanly. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Lito jumps in the water to distract the Coast Guard, and Isabels mother gives birth to a boy, just as they reach the shore. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. When the St. Louis reaches Havana Harbor in Cuba, the ship is not allowed to dock. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Out of these passengers, it was mostly those who found asylum in England who survived World War II. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. This heart-stopping novel is not only compelling it is necessary. This is a fascinating tale. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. . Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Josef warns his father that he must . Get news and updates about the stuff Alan writes! Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. After it capsizes, it is another boat that gives Hana a chance at life, and it is a Greek Coast Guard boat that ultimately rescues Mahmouds family. This is an engaging tale. publication online or last modification online. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Josef, his sister Ruth, and his mother all travel to Hamburg to board a ship that will take them to Cuba. This is a powerful and inspirational book written by Alan Gratz, a great author. Refugee - Alan Gratz In the end, these three stories are connected. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. Refugee Chapters 1-11 Summary & Analysis | SuperSummary When the family finally gets to their promised boat, they find that it is merely a rubber raft. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. Refugee Book Review | Common Sense Media The rumor proves all too true, however, when the ship is marooned at the Cuban harbor for days, with officials telling the passengers day after day they will be allowed to disembark maanaSpanish for tomorrow. Aaron, who suffers a mental breakdown and jumps ship, is rescued by a Cuban police officer called Mariano Padron and allowed into Cuba, but Josef, Rachel, and Ruthand the rest of the passengers of the St. Louisare turned back. Though the three stories are historically discrete at first glance, they are linked by the fates of Ruth, Lito, and the Bisharas. Like Josef, Isabel too has to grow up overnight in the face of uncertainty and assume the mantle of the adult of the family. Already a member? It carried 937 Jewish refugees who were seeking freedom from Nazi persecution in Germany. Officer Padron, a Cuban policeman assigned to the St. Louis, saves Josefs father. Refugee Chapters 22-32 Summary & Analysis. The second is the date of Summary This section starts with Josef's perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, "8 days from home" (74). The ship leaves for Europe, and Captain Schroeder promises to divide the passengers between England, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida - 1994, 5 days (1) Themes and Colors Key The Nazis invade France just a few months after Josefs family arrives there. He watches his friends' father, whom had already sought asylum in Cuba, come to pick up his daughters on the boat. 2023 . LitCharts Teacher Editions. Source (s) Refugee Refugee (Alan Gratz) - Pages 34 - 73 Summary & Analysis - www.BookRags.com Yet this episode also shows how Ruthie has been able to retain some of her innocence and childhood as she plays, which only showcases Josefs comparative maturity when he refuses. The book revolves around three main characters from three different eras: Nazi Germany, 1990s Cuba, and modern-day Syria. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . Heartrendingly, Josef notes that he and Ruthie never want to leave the St. Louis, the first place they have been treated as human beings in a long while. Thus, the waters are deceptive for Josef, as is proved when the St. Louis is turned back from the Cuban shore. Teachers may opt to lower the security if they want to allow sharing. eNotes.com You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. (He is Officer Padron from Josefs story.) to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Refugee: Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean - 1939, 10 days Summary & Analysis Next Isabel: Straits of Florida - 1994, 1 day (2) Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis Josef and some of the other children on the St. Louis take a tour of the ship 's bridge and engine room. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America The Landau's went through many hardships during the . 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. By focusing on details such as Ruths stuffed rabbit, Mahmouds counterfeit life jackets, and Isabels trumpet, fiction forces readers to view tragedy not as a removed phenomenon, but as something happening daily to people like us.. Struggling with distance learning? Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Refugee Summary - eNotes.com His father, Aaron, is taken away by the Nazis on Kristallnacht and is sent to the Dachau concentration camp. They will also appear in Google search results. His selflessness is made evident when he sacrifices his own life for his sister's. Josef later dies in a concentration camp. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. All three stories make for a great novel and it will teach you a lot and appreciate how good we have it. Josef is 12 years old at the beginning of the book, living in Nazi Germany in 1938, where Jewish people like Josef are treated as "subhuman" and second-class citizens. refugee by alan gratz chapter summary - TeachersPayTeachers Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. However, unspeakable tragedy occurs when Ivn dies in a sudden shark attack. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Anincredibly important, heartrending, edge-of-the-seat read, bringing light to the plight of immigrants who search for safety and freedom. Gratz accomplishes a feat that is nothing short of brilliantPoignant, respectful, and historically accurate while pulsating with emotional turmoil, adventure, and suspense. Refugee Themes - eNotes.com 2023 . The St. Louis was an actual ship that sailed from Hamburg to Cuba in May, 1939 under the command of Captain Gustav Schrder. Josef's story is set in Nazi Germany in 1939. This is a must read for anyone, especially people who like history. However, because the number of people fleeing Cuba was enormous, the US government was extremely ambiguous about granting them asylum, placing the refugees in a very precarious position. This is an easy summary of the book Refugee by Alan Gratz. Meanwhile, the civil war in Syria still continues to precipitate one of the worst humanitarian crises in history. An elderly couple, Herr and Frau Rosenberg, welcome them into their home. LitCharts Teacher Editions. The trip is initially joyous and hopeful. These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. Its other accolades include the Sydney Taylor Book Award, the National Jewish Book Award, the Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award, a Charlotte Huck Award Honor, and a Malka Penn Award for . Trauma and. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! What is the setting of "Games at Twilight" by Anita Desai? Josef understands himself to be German, and yet the Nazis are trying to take away this aspect of German Jewish peoples identity. In Cuba in 1994, eleven-year-old Isabel Fernandez lives a life of poverty and uncertainty in the middle of civil strife. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. All storyboards and images are private and secure. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Word Count: 1050. Refugee looks readers straight in the eye, challenging them to truly see these kids who are battling the worst moments of our recent history. Josefs hope starts to waver following the discovery that the ship may not actually allow them to find a new life in Cuba. Please wait while we process your payment. After the fall of the Soviet Union, Cuba has become inhospitable for most of its citizens under the regime of Fidel Castro. Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. Josef's father grows anxious, and Josef fears the doctor will find his father mentally ill and turn the family away. Isabel's story is like that of thousands of other Cuban immigrants who all fled Castro's Cuba. Captain Schroeder demonstrates how to change the ship's speed. A heartrending and important tale for our time. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made.