Voting centers for federal elections were generally accessible for persons with disabilities, and ballots were available with a braille overlay for federal elections in Mexico City, but these services were inconsistently available for local elections elsewhere in the country. They were vulnerable to abuse from staff members, other patients, or guests at facilities where there was inadequate supervision. Of all children, 7.1 percent, or two million, were younger than the minimum age of work or worked under conditions that violated federal labor law, such as performing hazardous work. Most of these complaints were against authorities in the Prosecutor Generals Office, National Guard, Interior Secretariat, and the armed forces. The law prohibits such practices and requires search warrants. osac crime and safety report: mexico. Organized criminal elements, including local and transnational gangs, and narcotics traffickers, were significant perpetrators of violent crimes and committed acts of homicide, torture, kidnapping, extortion, human trafficking, bribery, intimidation, and other threats, resulting in high levels of violence and exploitation, particularly targeting vulnerable groups. Through a broad, encompassing survey of key data and statistics, Justice in Mexico's 2021 Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico report seeks to shed further light on the complex trends and patterns influencing the overall trajectory of Mexico's security situation. There were no reports of political prisoners or detainees. The states where the most political violence occurred were Veracruz, followed by Guerrero and Guanajuato. Most internal affairs units, however, were insufficiently staffed and funded. Google received more removal requests from government agents in 2020 than in any other year except 2014. In June media outlets reported that a fight between two rival groups of inmates left six inmates dead and nine wounded at a prison in Villahermosa, Tabasco. In August the Mexico City congress approved a reform allowing LGBTQI+ children ages 12 years and older to legally change their gender on their birth certificate. As of September 13, three municipal police officers from Ixtlahuacan de los Membrillos, Jalisco, remained in pretrial detention for the killing of Giovanni Lopez. Do not travel to: San Marcos Department (except the city of San Marcos) due to crime. new pdhpe units of work stage 2; reading process worksheet. The deadline for unions to amend and register their statutes, originally set to expire in May 2020, was suspended due to COVID-19, reestablished in late 2020, and continued as of November. Forced labor persisted in the domestic service and in child-care, manufacturing, mining, food-processing, construction, tourism, begging, street-vending, leather-goods-production, and agriculture sectors, especially in the production of chili peppers and tomatoes. In 2019 the federal government introduced pensions for persons with disabilities in a state of poverty. OSAC Council. Several outbreaks of COVID-19 resulted in multiple deaths. Luxembourg 2020 OSAC Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in. This announcement was also reshared on the local news outlet, MyParisTexas. This book is required to read as an instruction manual for the dem The Quintana Roo prosecutor general confirmed police officers used disproportionate force during the arrest. Venezuela 2020 Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office for the U.S. Embassy in Caracas. According to multiple NGOs, due to COVID-19s impact on the economy, funding sources for womens shelters, including for indigenous women, were insufficient. As of July, 39 percent of active unions under local jurisdiction had registered required amendments to their amended statutes to incorporate new secret ballot and gender equity requirements with the CABs. Social programs to combat child labor did not address all sectors where child labor occurred. Mexico is one of Latin America's most important security markets due to its size, leading industries, development, and total demand. News reports indicated poor working conditions in some factories. Security and violence in Mexico will remain significant challenges in the foreseeable future. Jewish community representatives reported good cooperation with the government and other religious and civil society organizations in addressing rare instances of such acts. Authorities arrested four police officers and charged them with femicide (killing a woman because of her gender). The INE sanctioned 107 persons for gender-based political violence. Authorities accused the suspects of smuggling 20 to 80 migrants per day through Baja California into the United States for more than a decade. In April the government passed a penal code reform eliminating the statute of limitations for sexual crimes against minors, including child pornography distribution, child sex tourism, corruption of minors, pederasty, sexual abuse, and rape. The NGO Mexican Commission for the Defense and Promotion of Human Rights identified 15 incidents between January and July of mass forced internal displacement (defined as the displacement of at least 10 families or 50 individuals) due to violence. On June 6, authorities arrested former Nayarit governor Roberto Sandoval and his daughter Lidy Alejandra Sandoval Lopez for corruption and money laundering. The constitution allows any person to arrest another if the crime is committed in his or her presence. In 2020 the STPS Federal Labor Inspectorate conducted almost 30,000 labor inspections nationwide but reported finding only one case of child labor. Independent Monitoring: The government permitted independent monitoring of prison conditions by the International Committee of the Red Cross, CNDH, and state human rights commissions. On July 21, Merida, Yucatan, municipal police detained Jose Eduardo Ravelo Echeverria. Be mindful of Cuban laws and regulations during your stay. During the COVID-19 pandemic, indigenous persons faced additional hardships in accessing educational services. In May in Chicoloapan, state of Mexico, municipal police beat and detained supporters of feminist groups as they led a protest against gender-based violence and political parties. The Jalisco government disarmed the municipal police force of Ixtlahuacan and turned over public security duties to the National Guard and the Jalisco Secretariat for Public Security. Wages were illegally withheld until the end of the harvest to ensure that the workers did not leave. Several indigenous communities denounced the governments plan to build the Mayan Train, an estimated $7.5 billion dual cargo-passenger railroad to cross the Yucatan Peninsula through indigenous lands. The CNDH in its report on COVID-19 measures in holding facilities found most detention facilities could not comply with social distancing measures or several other health recommendations due to lack of space, personnel, or equipment. Of the day laborers, 33 percent received no financial compensation for their work, and only 3 percent had a formal written contract. Women and children were subjected to domestic servitude. Six female candidates became governors, the largest number in the history of the country. In August Baja California and Yucatan passed laws banning LGBTQI+ conversion therapy. While the Supreme Court upheld the provisions, it noted the need for authorities to obtain a judicial warrant to access user metadata. There were 600 federal labor inspectors to cover the entire country; 60 percent of state level labor authorities had fewer than 10 inspectors. According to a 2017 INEGI survey, the most recent information available, 12 percent of women were illegally asked to take a pregnancy test as a prerequisite to being hired. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). Index; Crime Index: 68.49: Safety Index: 31.51: Crime rates in Mexico City, Mexico. Barriers to accessing contraceptives stemmed from lack of knowledge, poverty, lack of access to health services, and sexual violence from family members, strangers, or friends. osac crime and safety report: mexico. The council comprises of 34 representatives from companies, nonprofit organizations, and government agencies concerned with overseas security. Between 2017 and August the Office of the Special Prosecutor for Crimes against Journalists, a unit in the Prosecutor Generals Office, charged 136 public servants for crimes against journalists. See the Department of States Annual Report on International Parental Child Abduction at https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases. With no access to schools or child care, many workers took their children to work in the fields. NGOs stated authorities failed to investigate torture allegations adequately. The law provides for eight paid public holidays and one week of paid annual leave after completing one year of work. Black migrants reported migration authorities detained Black migrants for longer periods than other migrants. Criminal cases related to such violations were rarely carried out. INEGI reported in 2017 that 23 percent of working women experienced violence in the workplace within the past 12 months and that 6 percent experienced sexual violence. In rural areas in 2019, the cause of most maternal deaths was obstetric hemorrhage. In 2016 all civilian and military courts officially transitioned from an inquisitorial legal system based primarily upon judicial review of written documents to an accusatorial trial system reliant upon oral testimony presented in open court. Federal law prohibits domestic violence and stipulates penalties for conviction of between six months and four years imprisonment. In August the federal government signed a public-private partnership agreement with the Teleton Institute for it to provide rehabilitation services to 20,000 pension-receiving children. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. Rape and Domestic Violence: Federal law criminalizes the rape of men and women, including spousal rape, and conviction carries penalties of up to 20 years imprisonment. Observers noted that it also increased the likelihood of work-related illness and injury. Federal law prohibits discrimination against LGBTQI+ individuals. Authorities generally apprehended persons with warrants based on evidence and issued by a judge, although this was . Gomez had advocated against illegal logging and the destruction of the Michoacan monarch butterfly habitat. In January 2020, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a report on Guatemala, referring . osac mexico 2021 crime and safety report. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. On August 7, Yucatan governor Mauricio Villa announced the arrest of four police officers, but on August 14, a judge set them free due to a lack of evidence. Some civil society groups, however, asserted that state commissions were subservient to the state executive branch. Although authorities generally maintained effective control over the security forces, there were instances in which security force elements acted independently of civilian control. You can add more than one country or area. Conflicts arose from the interpretation of indigenous communities self-governing normative systems. Uses and customs laws apply traditional practices to resolve disputes, choose local officials, and collect taxes, with limited federal or state government involvement. This report details El Salvador's crime and safety reports. Mexico has relied heavily on the military to control drugs and fight organized crime, leading to widespread human rights violations. State and municipal laws addressing domestic violence largely failed to meet the required federal standards and often were unenforced. July 2022. Federal law prohibits discrimination against persons with physical, sensory, intellectual, and mental disabilities. Through a nationwide assessment process, the National Search Commission (CNB) revised the governments official number of missing or disappeared persons repeatedly as additional data became available. The law prohibits employers from intervening in union affairs or interfering with union activities, including through implicit or explicit reprisals against workers. The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Peru at Level 2, showing travelers should exercise increased caution. Underage children in urban areas earned money by begging, washing windshields, selling small items, or performing in public places. Nonetheless, discrimination was common against racial and ethnic minorities, including Black, Afro-Mexican, and indigenous groups. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office reported a total of 2,041 federal investigations underway into disappearances involving approximately 3,400 persons. The new wage applied to all sectors and allowed an earner to reach or exceed the poverty line. Femicide is a federal offense punishable by 40 to 70 years in prison. The law states that the principle of gender parity should be observed in the designation of cabinet members, selection of candidates for public office by every political party, and designation of members of the judiciary. According to the Mexican Commission for the Promotion of Human Rights, from 2006 to 2020, federal authorities issued 27 sentences for torture. As of October the accused were in a military prison awaiting trial. Reports indicated that women suffered disproportionately from pretrial detention. During the electoral process the INE received 147 complaints of gender-based political violence, a significant increase from the 47 complaints it received during the 2017-2018 electoral process. The CNDHs 2020 National Diagnostic of Penitentiary Supervision reported that state prisons were understaffed and suffered from poor sanitary conditions as well as a lack of separation between those sentenced and those awaiting trial. The minimum age for hazardous work is 18, including all work in the agricultural sector. Contents1 Where does Cuba rank in [] Criminal groups became increasingly involved in the illegal timber trade in Chihuahua, which accounted for 70 percent of the wood consumed in the country. Lozoya accused high-level politicians representing multiple parties of complicity in his corrupt acts and was acting as a states witness in trials against them. Federal law prohibits torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, as well as the admission of confessions obtained through illicit means as evidence in court. Many women working in the industry reported suffering some form of abuse. The Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System reported 23,907 domestic violence cases in May, an all-time monthly record. According to civil society, libel and defamation proceedings tripled from 11 cases in 2019 to 33 cases in 2020. In March police officers broke the neck of Salvadoran refugee Victoria Salazar. Media monopolies, especially in small markets, at times constrained freedom of expression. The situation of agricultural workers remained particularly precarious, with similar patterns of exploitation throughout the sector. Mexico is safer than many cities in the U.S. More than 150,000 Americans safely visit Mexico every day. Contents1 Where does Cuba rank in [] Journalists in Iguala, Guerrero, received anonymous messages through social networks, such as Facebook and WhatsApp, threatening them and their families, according to civil society. Following the introduction of the accusatorial justice system, however, there was a significant reduction in the number of persons detained in this manner, falling from more than 1,900 in 2011 to 21 in 2018. In July the Sonora State Prosecutor Generals Office detained Rojos alleged killer. There were credible reports of sexual assaults against migrants, particularly women, while migrating in and through the country. Wage and Hour Laws: The tripartite National Minimum Wage Commission is responsible for establishing minimum salaries. The CNDH did not report on the merits of the complaints. To receive government recognition, unions and their leaders must file for registration with the Federal Center. The pandemic severely impacted the economy, resulting in a significant increase in the number of children engaging in child labor. Politicians publicly discredited and criticized such journalists, however. According to labor rights NGOs, employers in all sectors sometimes used the illegal hours bank approach requiring long hours when the workload is heavy and cutting down hours when it is light to avoid compensating workers for overtime. Country Summary: Violent crime such as extortion, murder, armed robbery, carjacking . State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. NGOs alleged that provisions in laws threatened the privacy of internet users by forcing telecommunication companies to retain data for two years, providing real-time geolocation data to police, and allowing authorities to obtain metadata from private communications companies without a court order. In May 2020 the CNDH reported that children were subjected to abuses such as torture, sexual violence, and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment at Ciudad de los Ninos, a private institution in Salamanca, Guanajuato. Twitter users posted threats against journalists. In June the Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision confirming that the exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective conflicts of an economic nature that may be pending before the court and the topics that they present, unless the workers express in writing their agreement to submit the conflict to the decision of the court. State preventive police report to state governors, while municipal police report to mayors. Some detainees complained of a lack of access to family members and to counsel after police held persons incommunicado for several days and made arrests arbitrarily without a warrant. The Director of DSS serves as the council . In August Yucatan passed a law legalizing same-sex marriage, increasing the number of states making it legal to 22 of the countrys 32 states. Significant human rights issues included credible reports of: unlawful or arbitrary killings by police, military, and other governmental officials; forced disappearance by government agents; torture and degrading treatment by security forces; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary arrest or detention; restrictions on free expression and media, including violence against journalists; acts of corruption; insufficient investigation of and accountability for gender-based violence, including but not limited to domestic and intimate partner violence; crimes involving violence or threats of violence targeting persons with disabilities; and crimes involving violence or threats of violence targeting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex persons. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Section 1. In many parts of the country, human smuggling organizations wielded significant power, and media alleged frequent collusion among local authorities. As a result other unions, including a new union formed by workers after the vote, gained the right to seek representation rights and negotiate a new agreement. Spousal rape is criminalized in 26 of the 32 states. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. In June unknown assailants killed Javier Barajas Pina in the state of Guanajuato. Level of crime: 78.46: High: Crime increasing in the past 3 years: 79.14: . Workers argued that the protectionist union holding the collective bargaining agreement pressured workers to legitimize the agreement, offered bribes, and tampered with ballots. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. Journalists who asked difficult questions of government officials during press engagements received attacks via Twitter. Sometimes family members arranged marriages for girls younger than 18. Organized criminal groups were implicated in numerous killings, acting with impunity and at times in collusion with corrupt federal, state, local, and security officials. The government cooperated with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and other humanitarian organizations in providing protection and assistance to refugees, returning refugees, or asylum seekers, as well as other persons of concern. The constitution prohibits discrimination based on ethnicity, and a federal law prohibits all forms of discrimination. In May 2020 a constitutional amendment established the disability pension as a constitutional right, prioritizing children, indigenous, and Afro-Mexican persons with disabilities younger than age 64 who lived in poverty. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. Between January 1 and August 4, it received 4,119 reports of missing persons and located 3,805 alive and 277 deceased. Subcontracting is allowed if it is used to perform specialized services unrelated to the main economic activity of businesses or public institutions. Some NGOs alleged individuals who organized campaigns to discredit human rights defenders at times acted with tacit support from government officials. Media outlets reported authorities tortured and sexually abused Ravelo. Contents1 What is the crime rate in [] Also in June a federal judge sentenced the former mayor of Chinipas, Chihuahua, Hugo Amed Schultz Alcaraz, to eight years in prison for his role in the 2017 murder of Miroslava Breach, a prominent La Jornada newspaper correspondent who reported on organized crime and corruption. The CNDH may call on government authorities to impose administrative sanctions or pursue criminal charges against officials, but it is not authorized to impose penalties or legal sanctions. In March attackers shot and killed Father Gumersindo Cortes in Guanajuato. State search collectives reported being victims, at times fatal, of attacks, threats, and other acts of harassment. The Federal Center and the new federal labor courts are designed to handle all matters related to collective bargaining agreements, but until the Federal Center establishes its offices in all the states, labor disputes in states without a Federal Center presence are to be handled by the CABs. The NGO also reported the existence of multiple unregistered private institutions without licenses operating as orphanages. President Lopez Obrador condemned the threats, and the Interior Secretariat confirmed that authorities would grant Uresti protection measures. Corruption: There were numerous reports of government corruption during the year. The CNDH may take on cases from state-level commissions if it receives a complaint that the state commission has not adequately investigated the case. The Interior Secretariat reaffirmed its commitment to protect refugee applicants even as the country experienced an unprecedented number of applicants. Between January and August, the CNDH registered 26 complaints of torture and 123 for arbitrary detention. In July 2020 legislators approved a law making all judicial sentences public. 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